Farzaneh Radmehr; Zohreh Taebi; Vahideh Sayedi
Abstract
Until now, a large number of researchers have pointed to the structural complexity of The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot as it is shown in the relationship of the personages. In this paper, the sayings and the behaviors of five couples among many other personages of this poem are studied based on Eric Berne's ...
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Until now, a large number of researchers have pointed to the structural complexity of The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot as it is shown in the relationship of the personages. In this paper, the sayings and the behaviors of five couples among many other personages of this poem are studied based on Eric Berne's theory of Transactional Analysis. For this purpose, the Structural Pathology of the couples is examined to identify the roots to their unsolved problems through which one can clearly understand the present condition of their relationships. The results of the present research indicates that two cases of Child Contamination, two persons with Parent Contamination, and one individual with Excluding Adult are observed in total out of five sub-categories of Structural Pathology. Therefore, the presence of the Adult Ego State, which is able to balance out the Parent and the Child Ego states is deficient in the intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships of these couples.
Samira Haghi; Mahmoud Reza Ghorban Sabbagh; Zohreh Taebi Noghondari
Abstract
Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale (1985) explores the notion of femininity in the context of a dystopian society of Gilead. In this totalitarian society, women are defined by reproduction ability of their bodies. Exploitation, objectification and alienation of the handmaid’s body ...
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Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale (1985) explores the notion of femininity in the context of a dystopian society of Gilead. In this totalitarian society, women are defined by reproduction ability of their bodies. Exploitation, objectification and alienation of the handmaid’s body can be explored in both the text and the context within which the novel has been written. In this novel, the negative and instrumental view towards female body can be explored in the light of biological and social contexts. The underlying assumption of these discourses is that female body can be manipulated and appropriated by patriarchal ideology in the name of religion and social reform. Tracing views on body in history, religion, society, and the novel itself, this paper attempts to explore how female body is represented and perceived. The following study focuses on the ways biological and social views try to define female body with certain functions and consequently identify women based on deterministic gendered ideologies. It also discusses the body’s potential to act as an empowering force to oppose different manifestations of power.
